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. 2019 Aug 15;9:11881. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48351-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Housing affects startle. Enriched hens’ startle responses were greatly reduced compared to Control hens. Bar graphs show Least Square Means (LSMs) ± SEs of startle reflex amplitudes in millinewtons for hens housed long-term in Control and Enriched housing (pre-switch: a) and following the housing reversal (post-switch: b). (LSM values partial out the effects of hen mass, cohort, period, personality in b, plus interactions). The legend denotes hens’ current housing during the time of testing. The pre-switch data are split by personality to show the interaction with housing treatment. ***P < 0.01, **P < 0.05, *P < 0.10.