Table 4. Properties of catalysts based on non-biological assemblies for catalytic production of H2 from aqueous solution a .
Catalyst center | Encapsulation system | Electron supply/conditions | TON b | TOF b (s–1) | Ref. |
23 | PAA | MPA-CdSe QDs, 0.1 M H2A/H2O, pH 4 (initial) | 27 135 (8 h) | 3.6 (30 m) | 173 |
10 | PEI | MPA-CdSe QDs, 0.125 M H2A/pH 6.5 | 10 600 (44 h) | — | 174 |
[(μ-S2) Fe2(CO)6] motif | Fréchet-type dendron | [Ir(ppy)2(bpy)]+ TEA/acetone/H2O (9 : 1) | 22 000 (8 h) | 2.01 (1 h) | 175 |
24 | Cyclodextrin | 1 eq. eosin Y, 10 vol% TEA/H2O, pH 10 | 75 (24 h) | — | 178 |
25 | Chitosan | MPA-CdTe QDs, 0.2 M H2A MeOH/H2O (1 : 3), pH 4.5 (initial) | 52 800 (60 h) | 1.4 ± 0.22 | 179 |
10 | Polymeric micelles P-NB | 10 eq. PS, 0.045 M H2A/CH3CN/H2O (4 : 1), pH 4–4.1 | 133 (2 h) | — | 180 |
26 | SDS micelle | EC (CPE)/Hg pool electrode, 0.045 M H2A H2O, pH 3 (500 mV) | 52 (1 h) | — | 181 |
26 | SDS micelle | 2 eq. eosin Y, 10 vol% Et3N/H2O, pH 10.5 | 117 (4.5 h) | 182 |
aPAA = poly(acrylic acid), MPA = 3-mercaptopropionic acid, QDs = quantum dots, PEI = polyethylenimine, H2A = ascorbic acid, and SDS = sodium dodecyl sulfate.
bIn parentheses is the duration of the experiment used to determine the corresponding value.