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. 2019 Jul 25;19(15):3268. doi: 10.3390/s19153268

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Various examples of combined attacks: (a) Affine transformation ( $m^{p} = 100 %$ ). (b) Affine transformation and cropping ( $m^{p} = 95.31 %$ ). (c) Affine transformation, cropping and random removal ( $m^{p} = 93.75 %$ ). (d) Affine transformation and local noise ( $m^{p} = 96.88 %$ ). (e) Affine transformation and cropping with slantwise cut ( $m^{p} = 87.50 %$ ). (f) Affine transformation and complex cropping ( $m^{p} = 93.51 %$ ).