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Erianin-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HaCaT cells. Cells were treated with various concentrations of erianin (12.5 nM, 25 nM and 50 nM) for 24 h. (A) Fluorescent intensity was analyzed by flow cytometry. (B) Representative images of ROS production. (C) The mean fluorescence intensity was normalized to the untreated group. The values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). *** p < 0.005, **** p < 0.001, significantly different compared with the untreated group.
