| SLs | solar lentigos |
| EDN1 | endothelin-1 |
| SCF | stem cell factor |
| mSCF | membrane-bound stem cell factor |
| KGF | keratinocyte growth factor |
| bFGF | basic fibroblast growth factor |
| GROα | growth-related oncogene α |
| GM-CSF | granulocyte macrophage colony stimulatory factor |
| EDNRB | endothelin B receptor |
| IL | interleukin |
| TNFα | tumor necrosis factor α |
| MAPK | mitogen activated protein kinase |
| MITF | microphthalmia associated transcription factor |
| NHMs | normal human melanocytes |
| PKA | protein kinase A |
| PKC | protein kinase C |
| ECE | endothelin converting enzyme |
| APS | L-ascorbate-2-phosphate 3 Na |