| 3D | Three Dimensional |
| bFGF | Basic fibroblast growth factor |
| BM-MSC | Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| CAD | Computer-aided design |
| CM | Cardiomyocytes |
| EB | Embryoid bodies |
| EC | Endothelial cell |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| eGFP | Enhanced green fluorescent protein |
| EHM | Engineered heart muscle |
| ES | Embryonic stem cells |
| GelMA | Gelatin methacrylate |
| HA | Hyaluronic acid |
| hiPSC | Human induced pluripotent stem cells |
| hiPSC-NPC | Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells |
| HPCH | Hydroxypropyl chitin |
| HUVEC | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| iEC | Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells |
| iPSC | Induced pluripotent stem cells |
| iPSC-CM | Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes |
| iPSC-MSC | Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSC |
| KFG | Keratinocyte growth factor |
| MPH | Microfluidic printing head |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA |
| MSC | Mesenchymal stem cells |
| NFC | Nanofibrillated cellulose |
| NHDF | Normal human dermal fibroblasts |
| OPCs | Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells |
| PRP | Platelet-rich plasma |
| RGD | Arg-Gly-Asp |
| SCNT | Somatic cell nuclear transfer |
| SLA | Stereolithography |
| SMC | Smooth muscle cell |
| sNPCs | Spinal neuronal progenitor cells |
| UV | Ultraviolet |