Figure 2.

Significant marker-trait associations (p = 9.2 × 10⁻⁵ (−log₁₀p = 4.04)) identified on each chromosome for leaf rust, stem rust, stripe rust, and Hessian fly from a genome-wide association study using 35,798 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 125 synthetic hexaploid wheats grown in 2016 and 2017 in Turkey (Adapazari, Eskisehir, Haymana, and Kastamonu) and in 2017 in Morocco (Settat; Hessian fly experiment). COI, Coefficient of infection; IT, Infection type; and SEV, Field disease severity.