| DPPH | α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl radical |
| EDTA | ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| ET | electron transfer |
| PTIO | 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide radical |
| RAF | radical adduct formation |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SD | standard deviation |
| SPSS | statistical product and service solutions |
| Tris | tris-hydroxymethyl amino methane |
| UPLC–ESI–Q–TOF–MS | ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry |