Table 3.
Neuromuscular and Clinical Risk Factors Associated With Fall Rates Over 3 Years
| IRR (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Neuromuscular impairment burden | ||||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 1 | 0.94 (0.65–1.37) | 0.90 (0.62–1.30) | 0.77 (0.53–1.12) | 0.75 (0.52–1.08) |
| 2 | 1.11 (0.70–1.77) | 1.23 (0.77–1.96) | 1.11 (0.70–1.76) | 1.20 (0.76–1.89) |
| 3 | 3.39 (1.82–6.32)a | 2.79 (1.46–5.31)a | 1.93 (1.01–3.66)a | 1.60 (0.85–3.03) |
| p-value | <.0001 | .0002 | .06 | .11 |
| MCI subtypes | ||||
| No MCI | — | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Amnestic MCI | — | 1.65 (1.06–2.58)a | 1.51 (0.98–2.33) | 1.69 (1.10–2.61)a |
| Non-amnestic MCI | — | 1.39 (0.47–4.10) | 1.07 (0.37–3.13) | 0.92 (0.31–2.69) |
| Multiple domain MCI | — | 0.60 (0.21–1.66) | 0.65 (0.24–1.78) | 0.70 (0.25–1.91) |
| p-value | .08 | .25 | .10 | |
| Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale | — | — | 0.98 (0.97–0.99)a | 0.99 (0.98–0.99)a |
| Psychiatric medication use | — | — | 1.54 (1.10–2.14)a | 1.54 (1.10–2.14)a |
| Brief Pain Inventory | — | — | — | 1.13 (1.04–1.23)a |
Note: CI = confidence interval; IRR = incidence rate ratio; MCI = mild cognitive impairment. All models adjusted for age, sex, race, and education.
a95% CI excludes 1.