Table 3.
Absolute inequalities in obesity by education and income among adults aged 25–69 years in Germany
| 1990–1992 | 1997–1999 | 2008–2011 | p trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | ||||
| Education | ||||
| PDa (95% CI) | ||||
| Low education | 8.0 (2.1–14.0) | 6.3 (1.3–11.4) | 10.7 (1.7–19.7) | 0.643 |
| Medium education | 5.7 (2.3–9.0) | 6.4 (3.3–9.5) | 7.9 (3.4–12.4) | 0.421 |
| High education (Ref.) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| SIIb (95% CI) | 0.11 (0.05–0.18) | 0.10 (0.04–0.16) | 0.17 (0.08–0.26) | 0.283 |
| Income | ||||
| PDa (95% CI) | ||||
| Low income | 4.3 (0.7–8.0) | 7.8 (3.7–11.9) | 10.7 (5.7–15.7) | 0.046 |
| Medium income | 5.3 (1.9–8.8) | 6.9 (2.8–10.9) | 10.0 (4.6–15.3) | 0.152 |
| High income (Ref.) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| SIIb (95% CI) | 0.07 (0.01–0.12) | 0.10 (0.03–0.16) | 0.16 (0.08–0.24) | 0.047 |
| Women | ||||
| Education | ||||
| PDa (95% CI) | ||||
| Low education | 14.1 (9.4–18.8) | 22.6 (16.0–29.3) | 24.3 (17.4–31.2) | 0.012 |
| Medium education | 4.9 (0.8–9.1) | 10.1 (6.0–14.2) | 12.4 (8.7–16.0) | 0.009 |
| High education (Ref.) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| SIIb (95% CI) | 0.18 (0.14–0.23) | 0.27 (0.20–0.34) | 0.30 (0.23–0.36) | 0.005 |
| Income | ||||
| PDa (95% CI) | ||||
| Low income | 13.5 (10.4–16.7) | 11.6 (7.8–15.4) | 15.1 (10.5–19.7) | 0.531 |
| Medium income | 8.3 (5.1–11.5) | 5.3 (1.3–9.4) | 6.9 (3.0–10.8) | 0.643 |
| High income (Ref.) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
| SIIb (95% CI) | 0.14 (0.10–0.18) | 0.16 (0.11–0.22) | 0.23 (0.16–0.29) | 0.029 |
PD, prevalence difference (in percentage points); SII, slope index of inequality; CI, confidence interval; Ref., reference group.
a
Age-standardised to the 2013 European Standard Population.
b
Adjusted for age and residential region.