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. 2019 Aug 9;10:986. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00986

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Copyright © 2019 Bonezzi, Piccoli, Dei Cas, Paroni, Mingione, Monasky, Caretti, Riganti, Ghidoni, Pappone, Anastasia and Signorelli.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of SLN/myr treatment effects on infarct areas, sphingolipid content and hypertrophy. (A) analysis of the infarct area (expressed as percentage on at-risk area, on the left) and (B) of the area at-risk (expressed as percentage on total tissue, on the right) in infarcted myocardium, 24 h and 96 h after surgery. (C) LCMS measurement of ceramides and (D) dihydroceramides species in infarct and at-risk area, 24 h and 96 h after surgery. qRT-PCR analysis of (E) β-myosin heavy chain (MYH7) and (F) α-myosin heavy chain (MYH6), 24 h and 96 h after surgery, expressed as relative quantity versus sham group. (G) measurement of myocardial hypertrophy, 96 h after surgery, calculated as ratio between heart weight on body weight. All data are expressed as mean ± SD. Statistical significance refers to I/R and SLN/myr treated I/R groups as compared to sham animals. The comparison between I/R and SLN/myr treated I/R groups is indicated by the connecting line (^*p < 0.05; ^∗∗p < 0.01; ^∗∗∗p < 0.001; ^****p < 0.0001). Sham animals: gray bar; I/R group: white bar; SLN/myr treated I/R group: black bar.