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. 2019 Jul 9;13(4):041501. doi: 10.1063/1.5096030

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

Microfluidics in formal and informal biology education: (a) LudusScope (i) DIY smartphone microscopy with integrated microfluidics and directional light emitting diodes (LED) enabling real-time interaction with living, phototactic Euglena cells (ii) Biotic video games can be realized on setups like in (i), where real-time object tracking and virtual overlay turns directional phototaxis experiments into playful games. Reproduced from Kim et al., PLoS One 11(10), e0162602 (2016), Copyright 2016 Author(s), licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. (b) The interactive museum exhibit “TrapIt” enables visitors of all ages to interrogate the behavior of living cells (housed in a microfluidic device) through a touchscreen, where images drawn by the visitor are projected as light onto cells, which then respond correspondingly—providing a real-time interactive experience with living cells. Reproduced with permission from Lee et al., in Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing (ACM, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2015), pp. 2593–2602. Copyright 2015 Association for Computing Machinery. (c) Real-time interactive biology experimentation cloud labs utilize microfluidics for long-term stable culturing of cells. Reproduced with permission from Hossain et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 34, 1293–1298 (2016). Copyright 2016 Springer Nature. (d) Examples of integrating microfluidics and biology into K-12 and college education: (di) interrogating nematodes chemotaxis and microecology. Adapted from Stilwell et al., Am. Biol. Teach. 79(9), 753–762 (2017). (dii) Euglena behavior in response to different wavelength of light; Reproduced with permission from Mauk et al., in ASSE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings, (San Antonio, Texas, 2012); (diii) zebrafish development; Reproduced from Shen et al., Zebrafish 6(2), 201–213 (2009). Copyright 2009 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., licensed under Creative Commons License. (div) capturing Euglena in droplets and interrogating phototaxis. Reproduced with permission from Gerber et al., Biomicrofluidics 9(6), 064105 (2015), Copyright 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.