| Socio-demographic characteristics |
| Age (years), Mean ± SD |
32.83±9.41 |
31.93± 8.46 |
33.22±9.85 |
p<0.001 |
| Education level, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Illiterate to primary |
84(12.5) |
42(12.4) |
38(12.3) |
χ2 = 4.182, p = 0.382 |
| Complimentary |
169(25.1) |
87(25.6) |
77(24.8) |
| Secondary |
99(14.7) |
43(12.6) |
52(16.8) |
| Technical |
85(12.6) |
40(11.8) |
44(14.2) |
| University and higher education |
236(35.1) |
128(37.6) |
99(31.9) |
| Occupation type, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Unemployed |
112(16.7) |
59(17.4) |
47(15.2) |
χ2 = 0.600, p = 0.741 |
| Employed |
286(42.6) |
143(42.2) |
135(43.5) |
| Owner of a business |
274(40.8) |
137(40.4) |
128(41.3) |
| Marital status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Single |
378(56.3) |
189(55.8) |
181(58.4) |
χ2 = 0.459, p = 0.498 |
| Married |
294(43.8) |
150(44.2) |
129(41.6) |
| Crowding Index, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| <1 |
247(37.2) |
128(37.6) |
112(36.2) |
χ2 = 0.136, p = 0.712 |
| ≥1 |
417(62.8) |
212(62.4) |
197(63.8) |
| Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m2), Mean ± SD |
26.83±4.81 |
25.91±4.25 |
27.81±5.15 |
p = 0.009 |
| Percent body fat (%), Mean ± SD |
24.16±6.42 |
22.80±6.02 |
25.42±6.32 |
p<0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm), Mean ± SD |
91.93±13.35 |
89.13±12.74 |
94.85±13.26 |
p<0.001 |
| Total energy intake, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| <1400 Kcal |
16(2.4) |
11(3.2) |
5(1.6) |
χ2 = 3.536, p = 0.171 |
| 1400 ≤ energy intake<2000 Kcal |
74(11.0) |
41(12.1) |
28(9.0) |
| ≥2000 Kcal |
583(86.6) |
288(84.7) |
277(89.4) |
| Physical activity, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Low |
311(52.2) |
168(55.6) |
133(48.0) |
χ2 = 3.356, p = 0.067 |
| Active (including moderate and high) |
285(47.8) |
134(44.4) |
144(52.0) |
| Smoking status, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| No |
384(57.1) |
194(57.1) |
177(57.3) |
χ2 = 0.003, p = 0.954 |
| Yes |
288(42.9) |
146(42.9) |
132(42.7) |
