A, Representative images from confocal microscopy of Scr and RNF121 KO Huh7 cells at 12 hours post-transduction with AAV2, immunostaining for AAV2 Capsid (A20, Red), RNF121 (green), nuclei (DAPI/blue), and merged. B, Immunoprecipitation (IP) of biotinylated AAV2 capsids and immunoblotting of input and pull down material for actin, capsid, and RNF121. In vitro ubiquitination of capsids followed by immunoblotting for VP1,2,3 proteins (C) and ubiquitin (D). E, Immunoblot of RNF121 expression from catalytically dead mutants (C226A/C229A; V228A). F, AAV2-Luciferase transduction of RNF121 KO HEK293 cells following transfection of catalytically dead mutants. A two-tailed unpaired t test was used unless otherwise indicated, with *, p<0.05; **, p<0.01; ***, p<0.005.