Table 3. Demographics and outcomes for isolated nasal fracture in adult trauma patients.
| Characteristic | ( n = 131,967) |
|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 47.19 (20.4) |
| Male, n (%) | 93,270 (70.7%) |
| ISS, median (IQR) | 9.0 (7) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 3,049 (2.3%) |
| Tobacco use | 19,328 (14.6%) |
| Positive serum alcohol level | 80,667 (50.8%) |
| End-stage renal disease | 694 (0.5%) |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2,260 (1.7%) |
| Diabetes | 11,673 (8.8%) |
| Hypertension | 29,955 (22.7%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 7,021 (5.3%) |
| Mechanism of injury, n (%) | |
| Blunt | 121,547 (92.1%) |
| Penetrating | 1,997 (1.5%) |
| Motor vehicle accident | 39,361 (29.8%) |
| Motorcyclist | (6.7%) |
| Bicyclist | 3,954 (3.0%) |
| Fall | 39,693 (30.1%) |
| Pedestrian-struck | 6,527 (4.9%) |
| Gunshot wound | 842 (0.6%) |
| Stab wound | 2,026 (1.5%) |
| Assault | 3,606 (2.7%) |
| Suicide | 844 (0.6%) |
| Outcome | |
| LOS, days, mean (SD) | 5.7 (9.4) |
| ICU, days, mean (SD) | 5.6 (8.2) |
| Ventilator, days, mean (SD) | 6.0 (8.9) |
| Nasal reduction, n (%) | |
| Open | 1,577 (1.2%) |
| Closed | 6,904 (5.2%) |
| Complication, n (%) | |
| Acute kidney injury | 908 (0.7%) |
| ARDS | 1,954 (1.5%) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 1,399 (1.1%) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 464 (0.4%) |
| Osteomyelitis | 18 (0.0%) |
| Superficial infection | 233 (0.2%) |
| Urinary tract infection | 1,169 (0.9%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 631 (0.2%) |
| Pneumonia | 4,148 (3.1%) |
| Severe sepsis | 330 (0.3%) |
| Mortality, n (%) | 4,525 (3.4%) |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; ISS, injury severity score; LOS, length of stay; SD, standard deviation.