Table 5. Adjusted odds ratio for associated injuries and predictors for nasal fracture in adult trauma patients.

Predictors	OR	95% CI	p -Value
Blunt vs. penetrating mechanism	3.70	3.55–3.86	<0.001
Epistaxis	5.26	4.59–6.02	<0.001
Mandible fracture	1.39	1.35–1.42	<0.001
Malar/Maxillary fracture	4.38	4.30–4.45	<0.001
Orbital fracture	3.99	3.91–4.06	<0.001
Open wound of the nose	8.71	8.49–8.94	<0.001
Open wound of the face	2.70	2.67–2.74	<0.001
Tobacco use	1.05	1.04–1.07	<0.001
Positive serum alcohol level	1.59	1.57–1.61	<0.001
Male	1.31	1.29–1.32	<0.001
Age > 65	0.85	0.83–0.86	<0.001
ISS ≥ 25	1.25	1.23–1.28	<0.001

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ISS, injury severity score; OR, odds ratio.