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List of the doping elements, sorted according to their ionic radius.
| Element | Al3+ | Fe3+ | Fe2+ | Cr3+ | Co2+ | Mn2+ | Ni2+ | Cu2+ | Cu+ | Ce4+ | Bi3+ | Ag+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ionic radius (pm) | 67.5 | 69 | 75 | 75.5 | 79 | 81 | 83 | 87 | 91 | 101 | 117 | 129 |
| Ionic radius ratio (% of Zn) | 76.7 | 778.4 | 85.2 | 85.8 | 89.8 | 92 | 94.3 | 98.8 | 103.4 | 114.8 | 133 | 146.6 |
Ratio of their ionic radius with respect to Zn2+ ionic radius. The valence state mentioned in the table refers to the one of the doping element in its precursor molecule.
