Table 2.
Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes
| Admission cohort | Day1 cohort | Day1+ cohort | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 252 | 238 | 195 |
| AKI-23 by SCr and UO, n (%) | 30 (12) | 17 (7) | 17 (9) |
| Time to AKI-23 by SCr and UO, hours from admission | 27.1 (9.6–61.6) | 39.7 (31.6–109.4) | 39.7 (31.6–109.4) |
| AKI-23 by SCr, n (%) | 23 (9) | 13 (5) | 13 (7) |
| Time to AKI-23 by SCr, hours from admission | 28.3 (12.1–38.4) | 37.1 (32.9–61.5) | 37.1 (32.9–61.5) |
| ICU LOS, days | 3 (2–7) | 2 (2–6) | 3 (2–7) |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, year | 65.5 (52.8–74.0) | 65 (52–74) | 66 (54–74) |
| Male gender, n (%) | 155 (61.5) | 146 (61.3) | 121 (62.1) |
| Height, cm | 171 (165–178) | 171 (165–178) | 171 (165–178) |
| Weight, kg | 75.2 (65.0–86.3) | 75.0 (65.0–86.0) | 75.0 (63.5–85.7) |
| Diabetic, n (%) | 6 (2.4) | 5 (2.1) | 3 (1.5) |
| Baseline SCr, mg/dL | 0.88 (0.73–1.05) | 0.88 (0.73–1.04) | 0.88 (0.73–1.06) |
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Elective admission, n (%) | 154 (61.1) | 149 (62.6) | 124 (63.6) |
| Surgical category, n (%) | |||
| Cardiac | 103 (40.9) | 98 (41.1) | 85 (43.6) |
| Transplant | 7 (2.8) | 7 (2.9) | 7 (3.6) |
| Others | 92 (36.5) | 86 (35.8) | 71 (36.4) |
| Medical category, n (%) | 50 (19.8) | 47 (19.8) | 32 (16.4) |
| Hemodynamic support at ICU admission, n (%) | |||
| Pharmacological | 165 (65.5) | 158 (66.4) | 140 (71.8) |
| Mechanical | 4 (1.6) | 3 (1.3) | 3 (1.5) |
| Blood glucose at ICU admission, mg/dL | 135 (113–155) | 135 (114–155) | 137 (116–160) |
| Sepsis upon ICU admission, n (%) | 20 (7.9) | 18 (7.6) | 16 (8.2) |
| Maximum lactate on day 1, mg/dL | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) | 1.5 (1.1–2.3) | 1.6 (1.1–2.4) |
| Bilirubin on day 1, mg/dL | 0.54 (0.37–0.84) | 0.54 (0.37–0.83) | 0.53 (0.38–0.83) |
| Apache II score on day 1 | 14 (10–17) | 13.5 (10–17) | 14 (11–17) |
| SOFA score on day 1 | 9 (5–11) | 9 (5–11) | 9 (6–12) |
| SCr on day 1, md/dL, | 0.87 (0.68–1.08) | 0.87 (0.68–1.05) | 0.88 (0.70–1.08) |
| Monitoring parametersa | |||
| UO slope, mL/hour | −0.00014 (−0.00052 to 0.00034) | −0.00013 (−0.00051 to 0.00035) | −0.00014 (−0.00046 to 0.00032) |
| Total amount of UO, mL/hour | 1025 (770–1437) | 1047 (789–1451) | 1048 (495–1473) |
| Blood pressure below 60 mmHg, min | 10 (3–50) | 10 (3–48) | 11 (4–51) |
| Blood pressure above average, min | 644 (569–696) | 647 (569–698) | 655 (593–716) |
| Dose of vasopressors, mg | 2.7 (0–8.9) | 2.7 (0–8.6) | 4.3 (0–9.7) |
Data are reported as median (IQR) unless otherwise indicated
Abbreviations: AKI acute kidney injury, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile ranges, LOS length of stay, SCr serum creatinine, UO urine output
aMeasured during the first 24 h of ICU stay