Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of DS and NDS patients and healthy controls
| Deficit schizophrenia (DS; N = 51) | Nondeficit schizophrenia (NDS; N = 58) | Healthy controls (HC; N = 40) | F/t/χ2 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.24 ± 6.85 | 47.90 ± 6.84 | 46.78 ± 10.73 | 2.245 | 0.110 |
| Education (years) | 8.71 ± 2.44 | 8.79 ± 2.19 | 10.08 ± 3.21 | 3.857 | 0.023 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.10 ± 1.28 | 25.21 ± 1.17 | 24.82 ± 1.16 | 1.212 | 0.301 |
| Age of Onset (years) | 22.02 ± 2.75 | 22.16 ± 2.91 | – | −0.249 | 0.804 |
| Duration of illness(years) | 28.22 ± 6.13 | 25.74 ± 6.94 | – | 1.962 | 0.052 |
| Chlorpromazine eguivalents (mg) | 462.65 ± 238.61 | 524.48 ± 211.00 | – | −1.436 | 0.154 |
| Smoking ratio (%) | 54.90 | 69.00 | – | 2.287 | 0.130 |
| BPRS score | |||||
| Positive symptoms | 6.35 ± 1.16 | 6.45 ± 1.20 | – | −0.420 | 0.675 |
| Negative symptoms | 12.43 ± 1.78 | 7.47 ± 1.25 | – | 17.028 | < 0.001 |
| Disorganized symptoms | 6.75 ± 1.57 | 6.59 ± 1.04 | – | 0.628 | 0.531 |
| Affect syndromes | 6.67 ± 1.11 | 7.02 ± 1.32 | – | −1.492 | 0.139 |
| Sum | 32.18 ± 3.17 | 27.52 ± 2.86 | – | 8.070 | < 0.001 |
| SAPS total score | 9.76 ± 3.84 | 10.31 ± 4.69 | – | −0.659 | 0.511 |
| SANS total score | 57.41 ± 9.30 | 32.62 ± 7.51 | – | 15.385 | < 0.001 |
BMI body mass index, BPRS brief psychiatric rating scale, SAPS the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, SANS the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms