Table 1.
The types of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) identified in recent studies
| CircRNAs | Select reasons | Regulation | Distance from cancerous tissue (cm) | Tissue source | Date (tissue collection) | Fold change | Functions of the studied circRNA | Literature |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hsa_circ_0000190 | It is down-regulated in GC tissues, and its expression is significantly related to the major clinic pathological factors of patients with GC. | Down-regulated | 5 | Ningbo Yinzhou People’s Hospital, China | June 2010 to January 2015 | – | It is a novel, non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of GC. | [40] |
| circRNA_100269 | It is an independent predictor of early recurrence of stage III GC. Its role in cancer progression remains unknown. | Down-regulated | – | Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University | December 2012 to May 2015 | – | It is negatively correlated with miR-630; both of them comprise a novel pathway that regulates the proliferation of GC cells. | [41] |
| circLARP4 | It is derived from the LARP4 gene locus. | Down-regulated | – | Downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas 2015 RNA sequencing database | – | – | It may act as a novel tumour suppressive factor and is a potential biomarker for GC. | [42] |
| hsa_circ_0014717 | The global expression profile of this circRNAs in human GC has not yet been revealed. It is one of the moderately down-regulated circRNAs in microarray screening results. | Down-regulated | 5 | Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University (China) | February 2011 to February 2016 | – | It has the potential to be used as a novel biomarker for the screening of high-risk GC patients. | [43] |
| hsa_circ_0000026 | Its expression was significantly different between the GC and control samples (P = 0.001) in both qPCR and microarray analyses. | Down-regulated | ≥5 | Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University (Haikou, China) | June 2014 to July 2014 | 2.8 | It can regulate RNA transcription, RNA metabolism, gene expression, and gene silencing, and it also has other biological functions. | [44] |
| hsa_circ_0000745 | It is down-regulated in GC tissues compared to non-tumorous tissues and in plasma samples from patients with GC vs healthy controls. | Down-regulated | – | Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (China) | January 2016 to January 2017 | – | It plays an important role in GC, and its expression level in plasma can be measured in combination with the CEA level. | [45] |
| circPVT1 | It is derived from the PVT1 gene locus and is frequently upregulated in patients with GC. | Up-regulated | – | Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) | December 2007 to December 2010 | – | It is a novel proliferative factor and prognostic marker in GC. | [46] |
| Hsa_circ_002059 | It is one of the circRNAs associated with GC according to bioinformatics analysis in two circRNA databases: CircBase and circ2Traits. | Down-regulated | 5 | Yinzhou People’s Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China | June 2012 to December 2013 | – | It may be a potential novel, stable biomarker for the diagnosis of GC. | [47] |
| hsa_circ_0001895 | It may be associated with GC according to the bioinformatics analysis in CircBase database. | Down-regulated | 5 | Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University School of Medicine, China | November 2014 to February 2016 | – | It may play crucial roles in GC initiation and it is a potential biomarker for prognosis prediction. | [48] |
| hsa_circ_0000520 | It significantly down-regulated based on the microarray findings. | Down-regulated | 5 | Nanjing Hospital, affiliated with the Nanjing Medical University, China | 2015–2016 | – | It could serve as a novel biomarker for GC, and it is involved in GC development. | [49] |