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. 2019 Jun 3;28(9):2453–2469. doi: 10.1007/s11136-019-02219-4

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of the sample at baseline (N = 618) and follow-up (N = 417)

Fourth grade Fifth grade
N % Mean SD N % Mean SD
Sex
 Boys 288 46.6 193 46.3
 Girls 330 53.4 224 53.7
Age 11.0 0.5 11.9 0.5
BMI 17.7 2.4 18.2 2.3
SES 0.25 0.92 0.29 0.89
Household composition
 Two parent family 503 81.4 328 78.7
 Others 115 18.6 89 21.3
Membership sports club
 No 76 12.3 56 13.4
 Yes 542 87.7 361 86.6
Frequency of sports participation 2.48 1.65 2.56 1.56
 Non-members 76 12.3 56 13.4
 Low sports-activesa 210 34.0 117 28.1
 Moderate sports-activesb 171 27.7 145 34.8
 High sports-activesc 161 26.1 99 23.7
 Individual versus team sports
 Non-members 76 12.3 56 13.4
Individual sports 143 23.1 93 22.3
 Team sports 297 48.1 210 50.4
 Individual as well as team sports 102 16.5 58 13.9
Indoor versus outdoor sports
 Non-members 76 12.3 56 13.4
 Indoor sports 186 30.1 114 27.3
 Outdoor sports 277 44.8 208 49.9
 Indoor as well as outdoor sports 79 12.8 39 9.4
Kidscreen-52

 Physical domain

Physical well-being

56.07 9.37 56.83 9.93

 Psychological domain

Psychological well-being

54.84 8.65 56.48 9.23d
 Moods and emotions 51.50 10.16 54.41 10.71d
 Self-perception 55.23 9.28 56.18 9.92

 Social domain

autonomy

54.48 8.62 56.28 9.10d
 Parent relation and home life 56.08 8.41 57.14 8.77d
 Social support and peers 53.53 9.16 56.12 9.42d
 School environment 56.74 8.94 57.74 8.95
 Social acceptance (bullying) 49.09 10.43 50.43 9.92d
 Financial resources 53.33 9.27 55.57 8.52d

aLow sports-actives: 1–2.2 times a week

bModerate sports-actives: 2.25–3 times a week

cHigh sports-actives: 3.02–9 times a week

dScores 1st and 2nd measurement significantly differ