Table 3.

Associations between frequency of sports participation and HRQOL dimensions

	Crude analyses			Adjusted analysesa
	Bb	p	CI	Bb	p	CI
Physical domain
Physical well-being
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.55	0.07	− 3.23 to 0.13	− 1.74	0.04	− 3.41 to − 0.06
Low sports-active	− 3.98	< 0.001	− 5.75 to − 2.20	− 3.67	< 0.001	− 5.46 to − 1.89
Non-members	− 6.16	< 0.001	− 8.44 to − 3.89	− 5.58	< 0.001	− 7.86 to − 3.30
Psychological domain
Psychological well-being
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.25	0.12	− 2.82 to 0.31	− 1.44	0.07	− 3.00 to 0.13
Low sports-active	− 3.61	< 0.001	− 5.25 to − 1.97	− 3.53	< 0.001	− 5.18 to − 1.87
Non-members	− 2.66	0.01	− 4.78 to − 0.53	− 2.65	0.02	− 4.79 to − 0.51
Moods and emotions
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.51	0.11	− 3.34 to 0.33	− 1.82	0.05	− 3.64 to 0.00
Low sports-active	− 2.72	0.01	− 4.66 to − 0.78	− 2.36	0.02	− 4.31 to − 0.41
Non-members	− 1.51	0.24	− 4.03 to 1.01	− 1.42	0.27	− 3.95 to 1.10
Self-perception
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 0.64	0.46	− 2.34 to 1.06	− 1.03	0.23	− 2.71 to 0.64
Low sports-active	− 2.42	0.01	− 4.21 to − 0.63	− 1.95	0.03	− 3.73 to − 0.17
Non-members	− 1.85	0.12	− 4.16 to 0.47	− 1.25	0.28	− 3.54 to 1.03
Social domain
Autonomy
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 0.50	0.55	− 2.09 to 1.11	− 0.74	0.36	− 2.34 to 0.85
Low sports-active	− 1.52	0.8	− 3.20 to 0.16	− 1.26	0.15	− 2.95 to 0.43
Non-members	− 1.33	0.23	− 3.48 to 0.82	− 1.21	0.27	− 3.37 to 0.95
Parents and home life
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.30	0.09	− 2.81 to 0.20	− 1.51	0.05	− 3.01 to − 0.01
Low sports-active	− 2.64	0.001	− 4.23 to − 1.06	− 2.54	0.002	− 4.13 to − 0.94
Non-members	− 2.95	0.01	− 5.01 to − 0.89	− 2.90	0.01	− 4.97 to − 084
Social support and peers
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.36	0.12	− 3.05 to 0.34	− 1.53	0.08	− 3.22 to 0.15
Low sports-active	− 2.91	0.001	− 4.69 to − 1.14	− 2.97	0.001	− 4.75 to − 1.18
Non-members	− 3.91	0.001	− 6.19 to − 1.63	− 4.00	0.001	− 6.29 to − 1.71
Social acceptance (bullying)
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 0.05	0.96	− 1.88 to 1.79	− 0.16	0.86	− 2.00 to 1.67
Low sports-active	− 1.95	0.05	− 3.88 to − 0.03	− 1.85	0.06	− 3.80 to 0.10
Non-members	− 2.17	0.09	− 4.66 to 0.31	− 2.08	0.11	− 4.60 to 0.44
School environment
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 0.25	0.76	− 1.82 to 1.33	− 0.17	0.83	− 1.75 to 1.41
Low sports-active	− 1.23	0.15	− 2.89 to 0.43	− 1.49	0.08	− 3.17 to 0.20
Non-members	− 0.50	0.65	− 2.63 to 1.64	− 0.72	0.51	− 2.87 to 1.44
Financial resources
High sports-active	Reference group
Moderate sports-active	− 1.12	0.17	− 2.70 to 0.48	− 1.29	0.11	− 2.87 to 0.29
Low sports-active	− 1.48	0.08	− 3.15 to 0.18	− 1.28	0.14	− 2.96 to 0.41
Non-members	− 3.36	0.002	− 5.51 to 1.21	− 3.19	0.004	− 5.36 to − 0.29

Significant p’s are in bold

^aAdjusted for gender, age, BMI, SES, and household composition

^bUnstandardized regression coefficient