Table 4.
Crude analyses | Adjusteda | Adjustedb | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bc | p | CI | Bc | p | CI | Bc | p | CI | |
Physical domain | |||||||||
Physical well-being | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | 0.48 | 0.59 | − 1.32 to 2.28 | 0.09 | 0.92 | − 1.71 to 1.90 | − 0.44 | 0.63 | − 2.23 to 1.35 |
Individual as well as team sports | 1.09 | 0.34 | − 1.16 to 3.34 | 1.29 | 0.26 | − 0.94 to 3.53 | − 0.53 | 0.66 | − 2.88 to 1.83 |
Non-members | − 3.31 | 0.004 | − 5.58 to − 1.04 | − 2.96 | 0.01 | − 5.22 to − 0.70 | − 0.15 | 0.91 | − 2.73 to 2.43 |
Psychological domain | |||||||||
Psychological well-being | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | 0.54 | 0.53 | − 1.14 to 2.22 | 0.57 | 0.52 | − 1.14 to 2.27 | 0.10 | 0.91 | − 1.60 to 1.80 |
Individual as well as team sports | 0.90 | 0.40 | − 1.18 to 2.98 | 1.29 | 0.22 | − 0.79 to 3.37 | − 0.30 | 0.79 | − 2.51 to 1.92 |
Non-members | − 0.16 | 0.88 | − 2.28 to 1.96 | 0.03 | 0.98 | − 2.10 to 2.15 | 2.36 | 0.06 | − 0.07 to 4.78 |
Moods and emotions | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.67 | 0.09 | − 3.70 to 0.27 | − 1.94 | 0.06 | − 3.95 to 0.08 | − 2.22 | 0.03 | − 4.24 to − 0.20 |
Individual as well as team sports | − 0.42 | 0.74 | − 2.87 to 2.03 | − 0.06 | 0.96 | − 2.50 to 2.38 | − 1.15 | 0.39 | − 3.76 to 1.45 |
Non-members | − 1.72 | 0.60 | − 3.15 to 1.81 | − 0.65 | 0.61 | − 3.11 to 1.82 | 0.99 | 0.49 | − 1.83 to 3.81 |
Self-perception | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 1.01 | 0.28 | − 2.82 to 0.82 | − 1.60 | 0.08 | − 3.39 to 0.19 | − 1.77 | 0.05 | − 3.56 to 0.03 |
Individual as well as team sports | − 0.01 | 1.00 | − 2.26 to 2.25 | 0.31 | 0.78 | − 1.89 to 2.53 | − 0.30 | 0.80 | − 2.66 to 2.05 |
Non-members | − 1.01 | 0.39 | − 3.30 to 1.28 | − 0.77 | 0.50 | − 3.01 to 1.48 | 0.57 | 0.66 | − 2.01 to 3.15 |
Social domain | |||||||||
Autonomy | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.62 | 0.46 | − 2.28 to 1.04 | − 0.77 | 0.37 | − 2.45 to 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.29 | − 2.61- 0.77 |
Individual as well as team sports | − 0.63 | 0.55 | − 2.73 to 1.46 | − 0.21 | 0.84 | − 2.30 to 1.88 | − 0.72 | 0.53 | − 2.95 to 1.52 |
Non-members | − 0.91 | 0.40 | − 3.04 to 1.22 | − 0.82 | 0.45 | − 2.94 to 1.31 | − 0.02 | 0.99 | − 2.48 to 2.44 |
Parents and home life | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.93 | 0.26 | − 2.53 to 0.71 | − 0.97 | 0.25 | − 2.61 to 0.67 | − 1.33 | 0.11 | − 2.97 to 0.30 |
Individual as well as team sports | − 0.34 | 0.74 | − 2.34 to 1.67 | 0.04 | 0.97 | − 1.96 to 2.04 | − 1.26 | 0.25 | − 3.40 to 0.87 |
Non-members | − 1.82 | 0.08 | − 3.79 to 0.28 | − 1.66 | 0.11 | − 3.68 to 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.81 | − 2.04 to 2.60 |
Social support and peers | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.91 | 0.31 | − 2.67 to 0.85 | − 0.73 | 0.42 | − 2.53 to 1.06 | − 1.09 | 0.23 | − 2.89 to 0.71 |
Individual as well as team sports | 0.17 | 0.88 | − 2.06 to 2.39 | 0.56 | 0.62 | − 1.67 to 2.78 | − 0.71 | 0.56 | − 3.08 to 1.67 |
Non-members | − 2.64 | 0.02 | − 4.90 to − 0.37 | − 2.39 | 0.04 | − 4.66 to − 0.13 | − 0.48 | 0.72 | − 3.09 to 2.12 |
Social acceptance (bullying) | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.41 | 0.70 | − 2.36 to 1.53 | − 0.46 | 0.65 | − 2.44 to 1.53 | − 0.67 | 0.51 | − 2.57 to 1.36 |
Individual as well as team sports | 0.90 | 0.47 | − 1.53 to 3.32 | 1.08 | 0.38 | − 1.35 to 3.52 | 0.29 | 0.83 | − 1.93 to 3.20 |
Non-members | − 1.35 | 0.28 | − 3.81 to 1.10 | − 1.20 | 0.34 | − 3.68 to 1.27 | − 0.03 | 0.98 | − 3.07 to 2.52 |
School environment | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 1.77 | 0.04 | − 3.42 to − 0.12 | − 1.44 | 0.09 | − 3.12 to 0.24 | − 1.57 | 0.07 | − 3.27 to 0.11 |
Individual as well as team sports | 0.00 | 1.00 | − 2.07 to 2.07 | 0.22 | 0.84 | − 1.86 to 2.30 | − 0.31 | 0.78 | − 2.55 to 1.91 |
Non-members | − 0.81 | 0.45 | − 2.91 to 1.28 | − 0.68 | 0.53 | − 2.79 to 1.43 | 0.15 | 0.90 | − 2.29 to 2.59 |
Financial resources | |||||||||
Individual sports | Reference group | ||||||||
Team sports | − 0.97 | 0.25 | 2.64 to 0.70 | − 0.94 | 0.28 | − 2.64 to 0.76 | − 1.16 | 0.18 | − 2.87 to 0.55 |
Individual as well as team sports | − 0.53 | 0.62 | 2.62 to 1.56 | − 0.23 | 0.83 | − 2.33 to 1.86 | − 1.05 | 0.36 | − 3.29 to 1.19 |
Non-members | − 2.89 | 0.01 | − 5.02 to − 0.77 | − 2.67 | 0.01 | − 4.80 to − 0.54 | − 1.43 | 0.25 | − 3.88 to 1.02 |
Significant p’s are in bold
aAdjusted for gender, age, BMI, SES and household composition
bAdjusted for gender, age, BMI, SES, household composition and frequency
cUnstandardized regression coefficient