Figure 4.

Ca²⁺ Response to Decreases in Glutamate Input

(A) Ca²⁺ response to decreases in glutamate input. Time 0 indicates the time when the glutamate decreases. All Ca²⁺ responses were normalized to zero at time 0. The red and yellow lines indicate the response under the no odor and later odor conditions, respectively. The shadows indicate the SEM (for the Ca²⁺ response under later odor condition, the shadows are too small to see; N = 15; no odor, n = 43; later odor, n = 61).

(B) Ca²⁺ intensities before (“pre”; averaged from −3 to −2 s in A) and after (“onset”; averaged from −0.5 to +0.5 s in A) glutamate decrease. The statistical metrics are as follows: no odor, p = 0.014; later odor, p = 0.014; paired t test (N = 15; no odor, n = 43; later odor, n = 61). *p < 0.05.

(C) Ca²⁺ responses to decreases in glutamate input relative to randomly selected data with (right) and without odor (left). The gray lines indicate the averaged randomly selected data ± 3 SD (see Methods).

(D) Ca²⁺ increases with glutamate decreases (colored boxes) and by random selection (gray boxes). Box plots indicate the median (center line), quartiles (boxes), and range (whiskers). The statistical metrics are as follows: no odor, p = 0.045; later odor, p = 0.0015. Wilcoxon rank-sum test (N = 15; no odor, decrease, n = 43; no odor, random, n = 100; later odor, decrease, n = 61; later odor, random, n = 100). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.