Table 9.

Data summary of patients with TAO and arthralgia or arthritis

No	Year	Authors	The number of patients	Age	Chief complaint	Duration of disease (Amputation)	Smoking status	How to diagnose the disease	Suggested treatment	The outcome of treatment
1	2003	Johnson et al (Texas, USA)79	1	46 years	3-week history of acute polyarthritis	TAO diagnosis was made at the time of admission for working up arthritis according to clinical manifestation of the extremities, excluding other types of vascultiis and angiography	Three packs per day for over 30 years	Physical exam Laboratory tests	Corticosteroid therapy	Improved arthritis but progressive digital ischemia after 1 month
2	1999	Puéchal et al (France)80	11 (11 out of 83 TAO patients)	Unknown	Recurrent episodes of transient and migratory Arthralgia of large joints	TAO diagnosis 2–13 years earlier	Unknown	Physical examination Laboratory tests Osteoarticular radiographs	Unknown	Unknown
3	1981	Queneville et al (Canada)75	1	44 years	4-week history of severe acute articular and periarticular pain which was initially located to the MTP joints and rapidly spread to the small and large joints	TAO diagnosis one year later according to clinical manifestation and excluding other types of vasculitis	40 cigarettes per day	Ruling out vasculitis as underlying cause but there was no idea about the underlying cause of subungueal-splinter hemorrhage until the diagnosis of TAO	Unknown	Unknown