Figure 4. Changes in anthropometric parameters.

(a) Body weight, (b) Fat mass, (c) Hip circumference and (d) Waist circumference. Differential values (MD and MD from placebo) are expressed as mean ± SEM, either as raw data or as percentages. Bars represent mean change from baseline value per group, with their standard errors. Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare differential values of both treated groups versus the Placebo group (inter-group changes), according to the distribution. The respective P value are indicated in the table. Lines represent raw values before and after 3 months of supplementation. Distribution of values within each group for each timing is illustrated by a box and whisker. In the box plots, the line in the middle of the box is plotted at the median, the inferior and superior limit of the box correspond to the 25^th and the 75^th percentiles respectively. The whiskers correspond to the minimum and maximum value. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed ranks tests were performed to verify changes from baseline (intra-group changes), according to the distribution and, when drawn, the capped line above the concerned group shows the corresponding P-value. Kruskal-Wallis analysis was used to compare changes between 0 and 3 months across the 3 groups according to the distribution. All group-wise comparisons were performed using Bonferroni’s adjustment for multiple testing. MD, Mean Difference. Placebo, n = 11; Pasteurized, n =12; Alive, n=9 for all parameters except for Hip and Waist: Placebo, n = 10; Pasteurized, n =12; Alive, n=9. All tests were performed in two-tailed. MD, Mean Difference. All tests were performed in two-tailed.