Table 4.
Echocardiographic characteristics by Doppler
| PnVAF (n = 50) | LSPnVAF (n = 81) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 50) | Sinus rhythm (n = 16) | AF recurrence (n = 34) | p value * | Total (n = 81) | Sinus rhythm (n = 38) | AF recurrence (n = 43) | p value* | |
| E (cm/s) | 99.7 ± 22.5 | 85.4 ± 18.4 | 106.5 ± 21.3 | 0.001 | 90.9 ± 20.1 | 85.4 ± 18.9 | 95.7 ± 20.1 | 0.02 |
| DT (ms) | 228.6 ± 62.5 | 232.8 ± 70.4 | 226.6 ± 59.5 | 0.74 | 215.5 ± 56.4 | 222.4 ± 58.4 | 209.5 ± 54.5 | 0.30 |
| IVRT (ms) | 117.1 ± 17.9 | 123.3 ± 14.6 | 114.1 ± 18.8 | 0.09 | 111.2 ± 18.3 | 110.5 ± 17.8 | 111.9 ± 19 | 0.73 |
| S (cm/s) | 6.4 ± 1.0 | 6.3 ± 0.9 | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 0.78 | 7.2 ± 2.0 | 7.4 ± 2.1 | 7.1 ± 1.9 | 0.42 |
| E/e´ ratio | 13.6 ± 4.3 | 11.9 ± 3.1 | 14.4 ± 4.7 | 0.05 | 12.0 ± 3.4 | 10.9 ± 2.7 | 12.9 ± 3.7 | < 0.01 |
| PASP (mm Hg) | 37.5 ± 5.8 | 36.5 ± 4.5 | 38.0 ± 6.3 | 0.38 | 37.7 ± 6.6 | 35.9 ± 6.5 | 39.2 ± 6.3 | 0.02 |
The continuous variables were described as mean ± standard deviation
PnVAF persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation, LSPnVAF long standing persistent non-valvular atrial fibrillation, LVEDD left ventricular end diastolic diameter, LVESD left ventricular end systolic diameter, E E wave, DT deceleration time, IVRT isovolumetric relaxation time, S S wave velocity, E/E’ ratio E velocity to e’ velocity ratio, PASP pulmonary artery systolic pressure
*Student’s t test or U Mann–Whitney according to their distribution