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. 2019 Aug 19;9:12078. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48354-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The frequency of CD4⁺ T cells producing msRNA soon after cART initiation correlate with post-ART pVL. (A) The frequency of CD4⁺ T cells producing msRNA at day 4 post-cART in the unstimulated condition (left; squares) and after PMA/ionomycin stimulation (right; triangles) are plotted against the AUC (upper row) or peak (lower row) pVL of the first 5 weeks post-cART interruption. (B) Peak (dark diamonds) and AUC pVL (open diamonds) for the first 5 weeks post-cART interruption are plotted against pVL at the time of the TILDA assay (4 days after cART initiation; left) or against pVL measured on the day of cART initiation. Correlations were calculated using the non-parametric Spearman test. All data were included. Spearman r and p values are shown (p < 0.05 was considered significant). The point in Red represents the sample with the lowest msRNA in both stimulated and unstimulated condition. This animal was the last one to rebound 3 weeks post-cART interruption.