Table 1.
Presence of polyps is associated with increased plasma concentrations of monohydroxy arachidonic acid-derived oxylipids (values expressed as median [Q1, Q3]).
| Variable | Overall | No polyp | Hyperplastic | Adenoma | BH FDR p-valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (n = ) | 123 | 67 | 20 | 36 | |
| Ever Smoked (% total) | 30 | 27 | 29 | 39 | |
| Age (years) | 58.0 [53.0, 60.5] | 57.0 [53.0, 61.0]A | 57.5 [52.8, 60.0]A | 58.0 [53.0, 60.3]A | — |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.3 [26.1, 32.7] | 28.2 [24.6, 30.9]A | 28.3 [26.0, 31.8]A | 32.2 [28.9, 35.9]B | p ≤ 0.05 |
| WC (in) | 41.5 [37.0, 45.3] | 40.0 [35.9, 44.3]A | 41.0 [38.0, 44.4]AB | 43.8 [40.0, 48.6]B | * |
| Oxylipids (nM) | — | ||||
| LAa | 0.7 [0.4, 0.9] | 0.7 [0.4, 1.1]A | 0.7 [0.5, 1.0]A | 0.7 [0.4, 0.8]A | — |
| 9-HODE | 14.3 [9.4, 23.9] | 15.8 [8.8, 27.4]A | 16.1 [12.4, 21.9]A | 13.5 [10.6, 22.8]A | — |
| 13-HODE | 13.4 [8.6, 22.0] | 13.4 [8.4, 24.1]A | 14.5 [9.6, 18.8]A | 12 [9.3, 19.5]A | — |
| Total HODE | 29.3 [19.1, 47.4] | 30.0 [17.3, 51.4]A | 30.2 [22.1, 40.1]A | 23.6 [20.1, 45.7]A | — |
| 9-KODE | 7.9 [5.1, 12.01] | 7.7 [4.9, 12.8]A | 9.8 [5.4, 11.8]A | 7.7 [5.1, 11.4]A | — |
| 13-KODE | 2.2 [1.4, 3.8] | 2.1 [1.4, 3.7]A | 2.8 [1.8, 4.3]A | 2.2 [1.5, 3.1]A | — |
| Total KODE | 11.0 [6.7,15.7] | 11.6 [6.5, 18.0]A | 13.0 [8.5, 15.7]A | 10.4 [7.0, 14.6]A | — |
| 9,10-EpOME | 21.6 [15.0, 32.7] | 19.8 [14.4, 33.9]A | 22.8 [18.0, 41.3]A | 20.4 [15.5, 29.0]A | — |
| 12,13-EpOME | 40.2 [27.0, 57.9] | 45.6 [27.9, 60.3]A | 42.6 [26.9, 60.8]A | 38.7 [25.5, 52.5]A | — |
| Total EpOME | 64.2 [42.6, 94.2] | 58.8 [42.6, 97.5]A | 68.1 [36.6, 104.1]A | 62.1 [44.4, 75.3]A | — |
| 9,10-DiHOME | 8.4 [4.7,16.4] | 8.7 [5.0, 17.6]A | 8.0 [3.9, 14.0]A | 8.1 [4.7, 14.3]A | — |
| 12,13-DiHOMEa | 3.3 [2.1, 5.7] | 3.6 [2.2, 5.9]A | 3.2 [2.0, 4.9]A | 3.2 [2.0, 6.5]A | — |
| Total DiHOME | 12.0 [7.1, 23.2] | 12.6 [7.5, 23.2]A | 13.0 [5.8, 20.3]A | 11.4 [7.1, 22.0]A | — |
| 13-HOTrE | 2.0 [1.1, 3.9] | 1.9 [1.3, 3.5]A | 2.8 [1.7, 3.4]A | 1.9 [1.1, 4.0]A | — |
| 15-HETrE | 0.4 [0.2, 0.6] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.5]A | 0.4 [0.3, 0.6]AB | 0.5 [0.3, 0.6]B | 0.066 |
| ARAa | 14.9 [10.4, 21.4] | 14.6 [10.4, 20.8]A | 15.4 [12.0, 21.4]A | 15.2 [10.4, 21.9]A | — |
| 5-HETE | 2.8 [1.6, 9.5] | 1.9 [1.2, 5.0]A | 4.9 [3.3, 13.4]B | 4.6 [2.4, 12.4]B | p ≤ 0.001 |
| 11-HETE | 0.7 [0.3, 1.3] | 0.4 [0.3, 0.8]A | 0.9 [0.6, 1.5]B | 0.8 [0.6, 1.6]B | p ≤ 0.005 |
| 12-HETE | 9.4 [6.0, 15.3] | 8.4 [5.0, 14.7]A | 12.1 [7.8, 19.5]A | 10.5 [6.5, 16.4]A | — |
| 15-HETE | 0.8 [0.5, 1.2] | 0.7 [0.5, 1.1]A | 1.1 [0.7, 1.4]B | 1.0 [0.6, 1.5]B | * |
| 20-HETE | 0.8 [0.5, 1.2] | 0.7 [0.5, 1.1]A | 0.9 [0.4, 1.2]A | 0.7 [0.5, 1.1]A | — |
| Total HETE | 19.0 [10.9, 32.8] | 13.8 [9.5, 21.1]A | 22.9 [17.9, 34.0]B | 21.2 [12.8, 41.0]B | p ≤ 0.05 |
| 14,15-EET | 1.3 [1, 2.2] | 1.3 [1.0, 2.1]A | 1.2 [0.7, 2.2]A | 1.9 [1.2, 2.3]A | — |
| 8,9-DHET | 0.6 [0.4, 0.8] | 0.5 [0.4, 0.8]A | 0.7 [0.5, 0.9]A | 0.5 [0.4, 0.8]A | — |
| 11,12-DHET | 1.0 [0.8,1.4] | 1.0 [0.7, 1.3]A | 1.3 [0.8, 1.9]A | 1.1 [0.8, 1.4]A | — |
| 14,15-DHET | 1.6 [1.3, 2.0] | 1.5 [1.2, 2.0]A | 1.8 [1.3, 2.8]A | 1.6 [1.3, 1.9]A | — |
| Total DHET | 3.2 [2.5, 4.2] | 3.1 [2.4, 3.9]A | 3.9 [2.8, 5.9]A | 3.5 [2.6, 4.0]A | — |
| AEA | 0.2 [0.2, 0.24] | 0.2 [0.2, 0.2]A | 0.2 [0.2, 0.3]A | 0.2 [0.1, 0.2]AB | * |
| 2-AG | 1.4 [0.8, 1.99] | 1.4 [0.8, 2.1]AB | 1.8 [1.1, 2.1]B | 1.2 [0.8, 1.7]A | * |
| LTB4 | 0.3 [0.2, 0.45] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.4]A | 0.3 [0.2, 0.4]A | 0.3 [0.2, 0.8]A | — |
| PGE2 | 4.4 [2.2, 10.3] | 5.5 [3, 10.4]A | 6.0 [2.0, 21.7]A | 3.4 [1.7, 6.5]A | — |
| TXB2 | 0.3 [0.2, 0.9] | 0.3 [0.2, 0.7]A | 0.4 [0.2, 1.2]A | 0.4 [0.2, 0.8]A | — |
| EPAb | 0.2 [0.1, 0.3] | 0.2 [0.1, 0.4]A | 0.2 [0.1,0.3]A | 0.2 [0.1, 0.3]A | — |
| 5,6-DiHETE | 5.0 [3.0, 7.3] | 5.1 [2.9, 6.5]A | 5.0 [3.3, 6.7]A | 4.9 [3.0, 8.0]A | — |
| 17,18-DiHETE | 8.5 [5.9, 14.3] | 8.6 [6.2, 15.3]A | 8.3 [5.9, 14.1]A | 8.1 [4.8, 10.4]A | — |
| Total DiHETE | 13.4 [9.5, 25.0] | 12.8 [9.3, 24.8]A | 14.2 [10.1, 24.7]A | 15.0 [10.4, 28.5]A | — |
| DHAb | 4.6 [3.3,7.8] | 5.6 [3.6,8.5]A | 4.5 [3.5, 7.9]A | 4.2 [3.1, 6.3]A | — |
| 19,20-HDPA | 2.8 [2.1,4.42] | 2.9 [2.2, 4.5]A | 2.7 [2.4, 4.2]A | 3.0 [1.7, 3.8]A | — |
| DHEA | 0.5 [0.3, 0.8] | 0.6 [0.4, 0.7]A | 0.6 [0.3, 0.8]A | 0.5 [0.2, 0.9]A | — |
| S1P | 37.7 [26.7, 47.1] | 35.9 [25.4, 45.7]A | 39.3 [25.6, 51.1]A | 39.8 [31.5, 51.6]A | — |
| 9-KOHO | 0.5 [0.4, 0.7] | 0.5 [0.4, 0.6]A | 0.6 [0.4, 0.8]A | 0.5 [0.4, 0.7]A | — |
| 13-KOHO | 0.2 [0.1, 0.2] | 0.2 [0.1, 0.2]A | 0.2 [0.1, 0.3]A | 0.2 [0.1, 0.2]A | — |
| 9,10-DiEp | 0.4 [0.2, 0.9] | 0.4 [0.2, 1.1]A | 0.3 [0.1, 0.7]A | 0.4 [0.2, 0.7]A | — |
| 12,13-DiEp | 0.1 [0.1, 0.1] | 0.1 [0.1, 0.1]A | 0.1 [0.1, 0.1]A | 0.1 [0.1, 0.1]A | — |
| 14,15-DHEp | 1.3 [0.9, 1.8] | 1.3 [0.9, 1.8]A | 1.8 [1.3, 3.2]A | 1.0 [0.8, 1.3]A | — |
Oxylipid totals were calculated as follows: Total HODE calculated as ∑ 9-HODE + 13-HODE; Total KODE calculated as ∑ 9-KODE + 13-KODE; Total EpOME calculated as ∑ 9,10-EpOME + 12,13-EpOME; Total DiHOME calculated as ∑ 9,10-DiHOME 12,13-DiHOME; Total HETE calculated as ∑ 5-HETE + 11-HETE + 12-HETE + 15-HETE + 20-HETE; Total DHET calculated as ∑ 8,9-DHET + 11,12-DHET + 14,15-DHET; Total DiHETE calculated as ∑ 5,6-DiHETE + 17,18-DiHETE.
aPlasma non-esterified LA, 12,13-DiHOME, and AA values are presented as levels (i.e., peak area of compound/ peak area of internal standard), since a majority of participant’s concentrations were greater (i.e., > 10 fold) than the highest standard curve value.
bPlasma non-esterified EPA and DHA are expressed as μM.
cCategorical analysis of polyp severity by Kruskal Wallis one-way ANOVA and Dunn’s test for multiple comparison. P-values were corrected for false discovery rate (FDR) according to Benjamini-Hochberg (BH).