TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of included subjects1
| Characteristics | Initially randomly assigned to AD (n = 15) | Initially randomly assigned to HD (n = 12) | Total (n = 27) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n men/total | 12/15 | 7/12 | 19/27 |
| Age, y | 56 ± 9 | 55 ± 14 | 55.5 ± 14 |
| Body weight, kg | 91.5 ± 15.9 | 88.7 ± 14.4 | 90.2 ± 15 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 31.2 ± 3.2 | 31.5 ± 3.2 | 31.3 ± 3.2 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 110 ± 8 | 108 ± 10 | 109 ± 9 |
| Body fat mass, kg | 30.3 ± 8.7 | 31.8 ± 8.2 | 30.9 ± 8.3 |
| Lean body mass, kg | 61.7 ± 12.8 | 57.4 ± 12.9 | 59.8 ± 12.8 |
| Lean dry mass, kg | 16.4 ± 3.5 | 15.3 ± 3.5 | 15.9 ± 3.4 |
| Body fat, % | 32.9 ± 7.9 | 35.9 ± 8.3 | 34.3 ± 8 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 138 ± 14 | 139 ± 11 | 139 ± 13 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 82 ± 12 | 78 ± 10 | 80 ± 11 |
| Serum fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.5 |
| Serum fasting insulin, pmol/L | 108 ± 40 | 122 ± 63 | 114 ± 51 |
| Insulin resistance, HOMA-IR | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 5 ± 2.8 | 4.5 ± 2.2 |
| Glucose 2 h post-OGTT, mmol/L | 6.8 ± 3.1 | 8 ± 2.3 | 7.3 ± 2.8 |
| Whole blood glycated hemoglobin, % | 5.5 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.3 |
| Hyperinsulinemic only, n | 14 | 10 | 24 |
| Altered fasting glucose concentrations (≥6.1 mmol/L), n | 2/15 | 1/12 | 3/27 |
| Glucose intolerance (based on 2-h OGTT), n | 5/15 | 5/12 | 10/27 |
| Prediabetes,2n | 5/15 | 6/12 | 11/27 |
1
n = 27. Values are means ± SDs unless otherwise indicated. No difference was found between the randomly assigned groups at the beginning of the study (2-sample independent t tests). AD, adequate dairy product intake; HD, high dairy product intake; OGTT, oral-glucose-tolerance test.
2
Prediabetes is characterized by altered fasting glucose and/or glucose intolerance (23).