Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the different serum study groups
| Parameters | Control (n = 69) | CHB (n = 101) | LC (n = 62) | HCC (n = 80) | ACLF (n = 126) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39.3 ± 6.3 | 40.3 ± 7.8 | 47.4 ± 9.2 | 51.1± 10.5 | 45.9 ± 9.8 | 0.066 |
| Gender (male/female) | 37/32 | 58/43 | 34/28 | 51/29 | 82/44 | 0.342 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 24.6 ± 17.2 | 98.8 ± 67.7 | 70.8 ± 26.1 | 63.1 ± 62.3 | 81.4 ± 59.9 | 0.008 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 35.8 ± 6.4 | 101.1 ± 30.2 | 88.7 ± 19.5 | 77.6 ± 23.9 | 111.4 ± 30.1 | < 0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/l) | 14.2 ± 3.9 | 59.7 ± 27.4 | 16.5 ± 8.8 | 21.9 ± 10.1 | 336.2 ± 87.3 | < 0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 45.6 ± 5.3 | 40.7 ± 5.7 | 38.5 ± 7.6 | 39.0 ± 8.3 | 32.4 ± 9.9 | < 0.001 |
| HBsAg positive (n) | 0 | 101 | 62 | 80 | 126 | – |
| HBV DNA (log10 copies/mL) | 0 | 7.11 ± 3.9 | 6.37 ± 4.5 | 6.01 ± 2.9 | 5.87 ± 2.3 | – |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 74 ± 44.7 | 68 ± 30.6 | 65 ± 19.1 | 67 ± 52.4 | 63 ± 40.8 | 0.007 |
| Prothrombin time (s) | 10.8 ± 1.6 | 12.8 ± 4.0 | 17.9 ± 8.3 | 15.4 ± 7.1 | 25.2 ± 10.5 | < 0.001 |
| International normalized ratio | 0.98 ± 0.12 | 1.17 ± 0.2 | 1.31 ± 0.22 | 1.25 ± 0.31 | 2.17 ± 0.47 | < 0.001 |
| IL-1β(pg/ml) | 5.14 ± 2.64 | 6.81 ± 4.06 | 4.37 ± 2.99 | 5.55 ± 5.39 | 1.39 ± 0.82 | < 0.001 |
| IL-18(pg/m) | 9.11 ± 2.66 | 17.61 ± 19.04 | 34.21 ± 33.78 | 50.14 ± 41.02 | 303.09 ± 274.54 | < 0.001 |
Abbreviations: CHB chronic hepatitis B, LC liver cirrhosis, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, ACLF acute-on-chronic liver failure, IL-1β interleukin-1β, IL-18 interleukin-8