Table 1.
Socio-demographic, clinical and healthcare use characteristics of centenarians, by sex. Means are accompanied by their 95% confidence intervals in brackets
| Men | Women | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographics | |||
| N | 351 | 1329 | <0.001 |
| Mean age, yearsa | 101.7 (101.5–101.9) | 101.6 (101.5–101.7) | n.s.b |
| Urban residence, % | 58.7% | 56.7% | n.s. |
| Deprivation index, %c | n.s. | ||
| Q1 | 29.1% | 31.1% | |
| Q2 | 23.7% | 22.8% | |
| Q3 | 24.0% | 20.7% | |
| Q4 | 23.1% | 25.6% | |
| Clinical information | |||
| Without chronic diseases, % | 7.6% | 5.2% | n.s. |
| Chronic diseases, meana | 3.97 (3.65–4.28) | 3.97 (3.81–4.12) | n.s. |
| With multimorbidity, % | 78.0% | 81.3% | n.s. |
| Without chronic medications, % | 8.1% | 6.4% | n.s. |
| Chronic drugs, meana | 4.94 (4.56–5.33) | 4.77 (4.58–4.95) | n.s. |
| With polypharmacy, %d | 49.8% | 49.5% | n.s. |
| With potentially inappropriate medications, %a,e | 71.1% | 72.3% | n.s. |
| Potentially inappropriate medications, meana | 1.32 (1.19–1.45) | 1.36 (1.29–1.43) | n.s. |
| Anticholinergic Drug Scale score, % | n.s. | ||
| 0 | 50.6% | 50.2% | |
| 1 | 28.2% | 29.5% | |
| 2 | 12.4% | 12.3% | |
| ≥3 | 8.8% | 8.0% | |
| Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden score, % | n.s. | ||
| 0 | 55.3% | 52.3% | |
| 1 | 26.0% | 28.8% | |
| 2 | 6.2% | 8.5% | |
| ≥3 | 12.5% | 10.4% | |
| Healthcare use | |||
| Users of primary care services, % | 76.1% | 79.4% | n.s. |
| Visits to GPf, meana | 10.6 (9.4–11.7) | 10.8 (10.2–11.5) | n.s. |
| Visits to nurse, meana | 9.3 (7.8–10.9) | 12.1 (10.9–13.3) | n.s. |
| Users of specialities, % | 24.5% | 22.3% | n.s. |
| Visits to a specialist, meana | 2.79 (2.16–3.43) | 2.72 (2.44–2.99) | n.s. |
| Different specialties visited, meana | 1.37 (1.23–1.51) | 1.47 (1.37–1.57) | n.s. |
| Users of hospital, % | 14.8% | 12.1% | n.s. |
| Total hospital admissions, meana | 1.35 (1.17–1.52) | 1.34 (1.23–1.45) | n.s. |
| Scheduled hospital admissions, meana | 0.06 (0.00–0.12) | 0.12 (0.06–0.17) | n.s. |
| Length of stay in days, meana | 10.0 (7.9–12.0) | 11.6 (10.3–13.0) | n.s. |
| Users of emergency room, % | 11.7% | 8.3% | n.s. |
| Visits to emergency room, meana | 1.80 (1.40–2.21) | 1.45 (1.28–1.62) | n.s. |
aA non-parametric test was used; bNot statistically significant; cFrom less (Q1) to most (Q4) deprived administrative health areas; dDefined as five or more drugs dispensed; eAccording to Beers criteria; fGeneral Practitioner