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Gamma irradiation induces gene and protein expressions of cytokines. Irradiation with 2 or 5 Gy induces upregulation of the IL-6 gene 6 h after irradiation (a), but upregulation of the IL-6 protein is induced by irradiation with doses ranging from 0.2 to 5 Gy (b). Both gene (c) and protein (d) expressions of TNF-α are upregulated after irradiation with 2 or 5 Gy. ∗A value of p < 0.05 is taken as statistical significance.
