Table 2.
Plasma total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant markers of the study groups (n = 300).
| Variable | T2D (n = 147) | PDM (n = 47) | NG (n = 106) | P 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma TAC | ||||
| FRAP (μmol/L) | 787a ± 180 | 857b ± 211 | 847b ± 215 | 0.033 |
| TEAC (μmol/L) | 1216a ± 484 | 1180a ± 388 | 1436b ± 592 | 0.027 |
| ORAC (μmol/L) | 4496a ± 1523 | 4555a ± 2042 | 5072b ± 1904 | 0.019 |
| GPx activity (U/g Hb/min) | 326a ± 249 | 279b ± 203 | 244b ± 159 | 0.023 |
| SOD activity (U/g Hb/min) | 797a ± 560 | 4418b ± 3888 | 3611c ± 2918 | 0.011 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 5.8 ± 1.0 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 5.7 ± 1.9 | 0.072 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.134 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 7.1a ± 1.5 | 7.9a ± 1.8 | 6.5b ± 1.2 | 0.047 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 283a ± 72 | 398b ± 179 | 387b ± 146 | 0.031 |
| MDA (μmol/L) | 6.4a ± 5.1 | 6.0a ± 5.7 | 4.7b ± 2.9 | 0.036 |
All values are mean ± SD. 1One-way ANOVA. Means with the different superscripts in a given row are significantly different at P < 0.05 (Tukey's post hoc test). NS: not significant; FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power assay; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; MDA: malondialdehyde; NG: normoglycaemic subjects; ORAC: oxygen radical absorption capacity; PDM: prediabetics; TEAC: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.