Table 3. Factors associated with stunting in adolescents 12–18 years in Klaten and Lombok Barat districts, Indonesia, 2017.
| Characteristic | N | % stunted | Crude OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Community level | ||||||
| District | ||||||
| Lombok Barat | 1080 | 28.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Klaten | 1079 | 17.4 | 0.53 (0.43–0.64) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.51–0.79) | <0.001 |
| Household/parental level | ||||||
| Wealth status1 | ||||||
| Poorest and poorer | 864 | 29.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Middle | 432 | 23.2 | 0.73 (0.53–0.99) | 0.043 | 0.90 (0.64–1.27) | 0.56 |
| Wealthier and wealthiest | 863 | 16.5 | 0.48 (0.38–0.59) | <0.001 | 0.67 (0.49–0.91) | 0.012 |
| Food security2 | ||||||
| Secure | 968 | 18.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Not secure | 1191 | 26.62 | 1.52 (1.26–1.84) | <0.001 | 1.19 (0.92–1.51) | 0.18 |
| Drinking water source | ||||||
| Unimproved | 290 | 29.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Improved | 1869 | 22 | 0.70 (0.53–0.94) | 0.018 | 0.80 (0.60–1.07) | 0.138 |
| Sanitation facility | ||||||
| Non-private | 523 | 28.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Private | 1636 | 21.2 | 0.70 (0.56–0.87) | 0.001 | 0.90 (0.71–1.13) | 0.357 |
| Maternal education | ||||||
| Incomplete primary | 620 | 27.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Complete primary or incomplete junior high | 606 | 25.4 | 0.91 (0.70–1.19) | 0.504 | 1.23 (0.91–1.65) | 0.173 |
| Complete junior high or above | 903 | 18.3 | 0.62 (0.50–0.77) | <0.001 | 1.17 (0.85–1.57) | 0.294 |
| Adolescent level | ||||||
| Age group | ||||||
| 12–14 years | 977 | 19.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 15–18 years | 1182 | 25.7 | 1.42 (1.18–1.70) | <0.001 | 1.88 (1.42–2.46) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Boy | 1079 | 21.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Girl | 1080 | 24.8 | 1.22 (1.00–1.51) | 0.052 | 1.23 (0.99–1.54) | 0.056 |
| Education attainment | ||||||
| Incomplete primary | 224 | 29 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Complete primary or incomplete junior high | 1087 | 21.4 | 0.67 (0.46–0.99) | 0.045 | 0.65 (0.43–0.98) | 0.04 |
| Complete junior high or above | 836 | 23.6 | 0.78 (0.55–1.12) | 0.18 | 0.52 (0.33–0.88) | 0.005 |
| Watched television in the past 7 days | ||||||
| <2hrs per day | 979 | 25.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| ≥2hrs per day | 1180 | 21.2 | 0.80 (0.66–0.99) | 0.038 | 0.88 (0.71–1.08) | 0.233 |
1 Household wealth quintile was generated using principal component analysis.
2 Assessed by Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA). 2007. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for Measurement of Food Access: Indicator Guide. Version 3. Washington, D.C.: FANTA.