VMN GAD65/67-ir neurons were evaluated by Western blot for ERα [Panel A; male data at left, female data at right], ERβ [Panel B; male data at left, female data at right], and GPER [Panel C; male data at left, female data at right] protein expression in vehicle-pretreated euglycemic controls (solid white bars; n=6 males, n=6 females) controls and vehicle- (solid gray bars; n=6 males, n=6 females), MPP- (diagonal-striped bars; n=6 males, n=6 females), or PHTPP (cross-hatched gray bars; n=6 males, n=6 females)-pretreated INS (10.0 U/kg bw, sc) - injected animals. Data depict mean normalized protein O.D. measures ± S.E.M. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for sex versus treatment. *p <0.05; **p <0.01; ***p <0.001.