. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Biochem Pharmacol. 2019 May 8;167:3–12. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.006

Table 1.

A summary of methods to characterize PARdU substrates.

	Axin1	Axin2	3BP2	PTEN	AMOTL2	PARP1	PARP5a	RNF146
PARP5a/b inhibition	●	●	●	●	●		●
PARP5a/b knockdown/ overexpression	●	●	●	●
RNF146 knockdown/ overexpression	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
In vitro ubiquitination assay				●		●	●	●
Ubiquitination sites identified				●		●		●
ADP-ribosylation sites identified to be critical for PARdU				●