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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Transl Res. 2019 Apr 5;211:46–63. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.04.002

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

(a) 3D printed vasculature with hollow and interconnected structure after 24 hours of perfusion culture. (b) An immunofluorescence image of 3D printed vasculature (CD 31 antibody and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)) in a dynamic culture condition. (c) An optical microscopic image of dynamic flow in the 3D printed vasculature. (d) An optical microscopic image of anisotropic honeycomb constructs of 3D bioprinted vascularized cardiac patch. (e) A fluorescence image of 3D bioprinted vascularized cardiac patch (cardiomyocyte (CMs) and ECs).(f) in vivo implantation of 3D bioprinted vascularized cardiac patch into infarcted heart of mice.