Table 1.
Demographic and Health-related Measures by E-cigarette Dual or Never Use Among AI Who Smoke
| Characteristics | Dual user N=44 | Never user N=137 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic measures | |||
| Age group, years, n (%) | 0.02 | ||
| 18–44 | 30 (68) | 65 (47) | |
| ≥45 | 14 (32) | 72 (53) | |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 16 (36) | 54 (39) | 0.86 |
| Education, n (%) | 0.31 | ||
| Less than high school | 10 (23) | 35 (26) | |
| High school/GED | 13 (30) | 54 (40) | |
| More than high school | 21 (48) | 47 (35) | |
| Annual household income, n (%) | 0.84 | ||
| $0–$30,000 | 33 (77) | 104 (78) | |
| >$30,000 | 10 (23) | 29 (22) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.30 | ||
| Live alone | 23 (52) | 58 (43) | |
| Living with spouse/partner | 21 (48) | 77 (57) | |
| Selected health measures General health, n (%) | 1.00 | ||
| Excellent/Very good/Good | 27 (63) | 84 (62) | |
| Fair/Poor | 16 (37) | 51(38) | |
| Selected medical conditions,a n (%) | 0.44 | ||
| Yes | 31 (76) | 83 (69) | |
| No | 10 (24) | 38 (31) | |
| Depression, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 24 (56) | 37 (29) | |
| No | 19 (44) | 92 (71) | |
| Family history, cancer or heart disease, n (%) | 0.04 | ||
| Yes | 33 (77) | 76 (59) | |
| No | 10 (23) | 53 (41) | |
| Family history of cancer, n (%) | 0.05 | ||
| Yes | 25 (58) | 54 (41) | |
| No | 18 (42) | 77 (59) |
Notes: Percentages may not equal 100 due to rounding. Education was missing for one participant, income for five, general health for three, medical condition for 19, depression for eight, and family history for seven. Missingness did not differ between groups for any of these variables. Boldface indicates a statistically significant finding (p<0.05).
a
Major smoking-related medical conditions included lung cancer, head or neck cancer, other cancer, cardiovascular or heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema.
AI, American Indian.