Table 3.
Tobacco Use and Related Measures Among Dual and Never E-cigarette Users Among AI Who Smoke
| Measure | Dual user N=44 | Never user N=137 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Daily smoking, n (%) | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 31 (70) | 97 (71) | |
| No | 13 (30) | 39 (29) | |
| Cigarettes/day, median [25%, 75%] | 15 [7, 20] | 10 [5, 20] | 0.16a |
| Cigarette pack/day, n (%) | 0.36 | ||
| <1 pack per day | 26 (59.09) | 90 (67.16) | |
| ≥1 pack per day | 18 (40.91) | 44 (32.84) | |
| Salivary cotinine, ng/ml, mean (SD) | 393 (334) | 349 (364) | 0.26b |
| HONC scale,46 median [25%, 75%] | 8.0 [6.0, 9.5] | 6.0 [3.0, 9.0] | 0.07 |
| HSI scale,47 median [25%, 75%] | 2.5 [1.0, 3.8] | 2.0 [1.0, 3.0] | 0.64 |
| PSDI scale,48 median [25%, 75%] | 11.0 [7.0, 16.0] | 10 [6.0, 15.0] | 0.34 |
| Confidence to quit smoking, 1 month,49 mean (SD) | 3.25 (2.69) | 2.96 (2.85) | 0.55 |
| Likelihood to quit smoking, anytime, n (%) | 0.01 | ||
| Yes | 37 (86) | 88 (65) | |
| No | 6 (14) | 47 (35) | |
| Likelihood to quit smoking 6 months, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 21 (49) | 33 (24) | |
| No | 22 (51) | 102 (76) | |
| Lifetime quit attempt ever, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 39 (89) | 92 (67) | |
| No | 5 (11) | 45 (33) | |
| Past 12-month quit attempt, n (%) | 0.01 | ||
| Yes | 24 (55) | 44 (32) | |
| No | 20 (45) | 92 (68) | |
| Other tobacco use ever, n (%) | |||
| Chew/spit | 16 (36) | 58 (42) | 0.60 |
| Snuff/dip | 18 (41) | 60 (44) | 0.86 |
| Pipes | 20 (45) | 50 (37) | 0.29 |
| Snus | 16 (36) | 13 (10) | <0.01 |
| Cigars | 30 (68) | 63 (46) | 0.01 |
| Cigarillos | 36 (82) | 77 (56) | <0.01 |
| Hookah | 22 (50) | 19 (14) | <0.01 |
| Any of the above | 38 (86) | 99 (72) | 0.07 |
| Partner smokes (among those living with partner) | 0.59 | ||
| Yes | 14 (67) | 56 (73) | |
| No | 7 (33) | 21 (27) | |
| Partner vapes (among those living with partner) | <0.01 | ||
| Yes | 9 (45) | 5 (6) | |
| No | 11 (55) | 72 (94) |
Notes: Percentages may not equal 100 due to rounding. Boldface indicates a statistically significant finding (p<0.05). Data were missing for cigarettes and packs per day for three participants, cotinine for three, Hooked on Nicotine score for four, Heaviness of smoking index for eight, PSDI for ten, confidence to quit for one, likely to quit ever or in 6 months for three, quit attempts for zero, chew/spit or snuff/dip for zero, snus for one, cigars, pipes, cigarillos, and hookah for zero, partner smoking for zero, and partner vaping for one. Missingness for each variable was assessed with Fisher’s exact test and did not significantly differ between groups.
Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Two-sample t-test on log-transformed cotinine.