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. 2019 Aug 13;28(7):1717–1728.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.043

Figure 1.

Figure 1

NR Augments the Human Skeletal Muscle NAD+ Metabolome

Schematic representation of nicotinamide riboside (NR) metabolism within the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolome, accompanied by observed levels of metabolites measured using LC-MS/MS in skeletal muscle, whole blood, and urine at baseline and after each of the NR and placebo periods. NAD+ metabolomics data at the end of the washout period are shown in Table S3. Skeletal muscle data were normalized to the weight of the muscle pellet used for extraction. Urine data were normalized to urinary creatinine. Other metabolites are shown in Figure S2. Data are obtained from 12 participants at each phase and presented as mean ± SEM. Significance was set at p < 0.05 using paired t tests and represents the differences between NR and the placebo and between NR and baseline. The absence of significance symbols indicates a lack of statistical significance. BLQ, below limit of quantification; NMN, nicotinamide mononucleotide; NAAD, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide; NAM, nicotinamide; NAMOx, nicotinamide N-oxide; MeNAM, N-methyl nicotinamide; Me-2-py, N1-Methyl-2-pyridone-5- carboxamide.