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. 2019 Aug 20;10(9):630. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1733-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Chemical structure of diol-type ginsenosides used in this study. b Inhibitory effects of diol-type ginsenosides on the cell viability of PLC/PRF/5, MCF-7, A549, PANC-1, and HCT-8 cells were analyzed by MTT assay. c Summary of IC50 values for each group. PPD has an excellent inhibitory effect on the viability of cancer cells. Data are presented as means of three experiments, and error bars represent SD (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01)