Table 2.
Comparison of characteristics between patients with high and low degree of PVS in the BG region.
| Characteristic | High BG PVS degree | Low BG PVS degree | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | (BG PVS > 2, n = 51) | (BG PVS ≤ 2, n = 205) | |
| Mean age in years (SD) | 64.53 (10.73) | 54.29 (13.08) | p < 0.001 |
| Male gender no. (%) | 39 (76.47%) | 180 (70.59%) | p = 0.395 |
| VASCULAR RISK FACTORS | |||
| Ever-smokers no. (%) | 27 (52.94%) | 127 (49.80%) | p = 0.682 |
| Alcohol drinking no. (%) | 29 (56.86%) | 125 (49.02%) | p = 0.306 |
| Hypertension no. (%) | 38 (74.51%) | 186 (72.94%) | p = 0.817 |
| Diabetes mellitus no. (%) | 6 (11.76%) | 36 (14.12%) | p = 0.656 |
| Hyperlipidemia no. (%) | 10 (19.61%) | 24 (9.41%) | p = 0.034 |
| Prior cerebral infarction no. (%) | 10 (19.61%) | 34 (13.33%) | p = 0.244 |
| Prior intracerebral hemorrhage no. (%) | 1 (1.96%) | 6 (2.35%) | p = 1.000 |
| Prior subarachnoid hemorrhage no. (%) | 1 (1.96%) | 0 (0.00%) | p = 0.167 |
| Artial fibrillation no. (%) | 1 (1.96%) | 1 (0.39%) | p = 3.060 |
| Other heart disease no. (%) | 2 (3.92%) | 11 (4.31%) | p = 1.000 |
| Mean baseline SBP (SD) | 157.51 (20.41) | 164.75 (24.67) | p = 0.049 |
| Mean baseline DBP (SD) | 91.63 (15.65) | 96.13 (17.82) | p = 0.094 |
| SVD MARKERS | |||
| CS PVS median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–2) | / |
| High degree CS PVS, no. (%) | 20 (39.22%) | 39 (15.29%) | p < 0.001 |
| Periventricular WMH Fazekas score, median (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (1–2) | / |
| Extensive periventricular WMH (score = 3), no. (%) | 24 (47.06%) | 38 (14.90%) | p < 0.001 |
| Deep WMH Fazekas score, median (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (1–2) | / |
| Extensive deep WMH (score ≥ 2), no. (%) | 24 (47.06%) | 38 (14.90%) | p < 0.001 |
| Microbleeds, median (IQR) | 2 (1–7) | 0 (0–2) | / |
| Presence of microbleeds, no. (%) | 39 (76.47%) | 117 (45.88%) | p < 0.001 |
| Strictly deep microbleeds, no. (%) | 13 (25.49%) | 51 (20.00%) | p = 0.379 |
| Strictly lobar microbleeds, no. (%) | 2 (3.92%) | 11 (4.31%) | p = 1.000 |
| Lacunes, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | / |
| Presence of lacunes, no. (%) | 32 (62.75%) | 101 (39.61%) | p = 0.002 |
BG, basal ganglia; CS, centrum semiovale; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IQR, interquartile range; PVS, enlarged perivascular spaces; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; SVD, small vessel disease; WMH, white matter hyperintensities. Ever smokers indicate current and previous smokers. Other heart disease does not include myocardial infarction and heart failure. Extensive periventricular WMH indicates periventricular WMH Fazekas score 3 and extensive deep WMH indicates deep Fazekas scores 2–3.