Table 3.

Summary of efficacy metrics from two clinical trials for drugs 1 and 2

	Drug 1		Drug 2
	Trial 1 (N = 100,000)	Trial 2 (N = 52,963)	Trial 1 (N = 100,000)	Trial 2 (N = 52,963)
Control group: Rc	0.351	0.195	0.351	0.195
Treated group: Rt	0.089	0.029	0.335	0.181
Efficacy metrics
OR	0.358	0.181	0.978	0.945
RR	0.255	0.150	0.955	0.929
AB	0.261	0.166	0.016	0.014
NNT	4	6	63	72

In trial 1, the whole population was included as it was not possible to include a randomised sample because the approach does not take into consideration random variations and, thus, confidence intervals. In trial 2, a non-randomised sample was selected, with a lower average risk in the untreated patients than that for the whole population

AB absolute benefit, N trial population size, NNT number needed to treat, OR odds ratio, R_c risk in control group, RR relative risk, R_t risk in treated group