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. 2019 Aug 14;10:1930. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01930

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Deficiency of MKP1 prevents M2 macrophage polarization. (A) Identification of transfection efficiency of Dusp1 shRNAs. The lentivirus carrying M_Dusp1-shRNAs and Dusp1-Vector-NC were designed and inserted into RAW264.7 cells. The protein expression levels of MKP1 were measured 24 h later by Western blot. (B) Detection of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by RayBiotech assay. MKP1 WT and knockdown cells were pretreated with 20 μM PUN for 3 h, followed by a treatment with 1 μg /mL of LPS for 24 h, as indicated. The cytokine secretion was measured using a RayBiotech assay kit. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, #p < 0.05, and ##p < 0.01 indicate statistically significant differences between the groups; (C) MKP1 is involved in the expression of iNOS and Arg1. MKP1 WT and knockdown cells were pretreated with 20 μM PUN for 3 h and then treated with 1 μg/mL of LPS for 12 h, as indicated. Western blot was employed to assess the protein expression. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. $$p < 0.01 and δδp < 0.01 indicate statistically significant differences compared with the LPS group.