TABLE 3.
Description and comparison of demographic, clinical, and cytokine response between groups with a positive QFT-GIT.
|
Subjects with a positive QFT-GIT assay (n = 66) | |||
| Active TB* | LTBI | p. overall | |
| n = 44 | n = 22 | ||
| Body weight-for-age | |||
| Z-score | −1.32 [−.74; −0.17] | −0.64 [−1.58; 0.08] | 0.061 |
| Intestinal parasites | |||
| Protozoa (cyst) | 0 (0%) | 1 (50.0%) | 0.200 |
| Helminths (ova) | 1 (5.88%) | 1 (16.7%) | 0.462 |
| Toxocara spp. | 0.324 | ||
| Negative | 36 (81.8%) | 13 (68.4%) | |
| Positive | 8 (18.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | |
| Ferritin(ng/ml) | 109 [38.2; 201] | 52.2 [32.5; 70.9] | 0.019 |
| 25 (OH) D(ng/ml) | 27.6 [20.8; 34.5] | 24.7 [21.2; 30.3] | 0.563 |
| Range | 0.755 | ||
| Normal levels | 33 (75.0%) | 18 (81.8%) | |
| Deficiency | 11 (25.0%) | 4 (18.2%) | |
| Cytokine responses (pg/ml) | |||
| Ag-TB | |||
| TNF-α | 71.0 [−40.32; 364] | 47.5 [−26.19; 151] | 0.654 |
| IP-10 | 31545 [12093; 48379] | 7762 [3676; 26629] | 0.005 |
| IL-10 | 39.3 [22.1; 59.3] | 22.9 [12.1; 44.2] | 0.121 |
| IFN-γ | 3922 [1201; 10427] | 1832 [672; 9569] | 0.221 |
| IL-1RA | 27796 [12141; 48396] | 13918 [4821; 33546] | 0.138 |
| IL-17A | 7.58 [0.40; 14.9] | 10.5 [0.88; 60.2] | 0.173 |
| GM-CSF | 34.5 [8.04; 97.1] | 30.2 [18.4; 60.3] | 0.828 |
| IL-13 | 728 [315; 1468] | 427 [171; 1229] | 0.118 |
| IL-5 | 2.90 [0.00; 7.05] | 0.00 [0.00; 8.99] | 0.579 |
| IL-32 | 34.7 [−99.73; 72.6] | −63.80 [−176.88; 59.4] | 0.206 |
| VEGF | −442.15 [−913.46; −138.11] | −357.76 [−1013.21; −81.31] | 0.775 |
| PHA | |||
| TNF-α | 4850 [2833; 8837] | 6290 [4103; 9904] | 0.226 |
| IP-10 | 4718 [2680; 9102] | 4392 [1800; 8974] | 0.644 |
| n = 44 | n = 22 | ||
| IL-10 | −0.47 [−9.25; 0.00] | −5.14 [−8.32; −1.05] | 0.307 |
| IFN-γ | 1102 [717;2984] | 4420 [2137; 11309] | <0.001 |
| IL-1RA | 42206 [27310; 69517] | 45310 [27013; 112972] | 0.812 |
| IL-17A | 26.0 [9.06; 112] | 99.5 [18.9; 229] | 0.053 |
| GM-CSF | 55.1 [24.4; 103] | 79.4 [47.3; 135] | 0.121 |
| IL-13 | 1232 [683; 1973] | 1180 [796; 1812] | 0.946 |
| IL-5 | 2.92 [0.00; 6.98] | 0.91 [0.00; 10.1] | 0.967 |
| IL-32 | 32.9 [−74.11; 304] | −1.83 [−57.38; 75.4] | 0.391 |
| VEGF | −108.91 [−462.16; 181] | −315.24 [−871.29; −16.37] | 0.135 |
| Nil | |||
| TNF-α | 139 [35.0; 250] | 90.0 [38.0; 185] | 0.654 |
| IP-10 | 680 [423; 1189] | 435 [208; 1208] | 0.161 |
| IL-10 | 7.63 [0.19; 14.9] | 9.40 [5.28; 13.0] | 0.526 |
| IFN-γ | 226 [111; 508] | 241 [179; 388] | 0.523 |
| IL-1RA | 14041 [8927; 23001] | 11090 [6497; 17128] | 0.106 |
| IL-17A | 0.00 [0.00; 10.4] | 0.00 [0.00; 2.46] | 0.764 |
| GM-CSF | 0.89 [0.00; 12.3] | 0.83 [0.00; 5.30] | 0.429 |
| IL-13 | 302 [114; 595] | 256 [146; 499] | 0.683 |
| IL-5 | 0.00 [0.00; 6.96] | 0.00 [0.00; 0.00] | 0.007 |
| IL-32 | 1112 [556; 2241] | 1726 [1033; 2590] | 0.334 |
| VEGF | 809 [209; 1610] | 688 [317; 1381] | 0.870 |
Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies (n) and percentages (%), and quantitative variables are expressed as median and interquartile ranges (IQR) or standard deviation (SD). QFT-GIT, QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube; TB, tuberculosis; LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection; Z-score, default classification system used to present child nutritional status; BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Ag-TB, antigen-dependent response; PHA, mitogen-induced response. *In this table, children with Mediastinal TB were not included in the active TB cases. Bold values, statistical significative values with a p-value under 0.05.