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. 2019 Aug 14;10:1947. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01947

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Copyright © 2019 Mezouar, Diarra, Roudier, Desnues and Mege.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Etanercept affects macrophage polarization. Isolated PBMCs from healthy donors were incubated with Mtb extract-coated beads for different periods of time in the presence or not of etanercept (A) The expression of macrophage polarization genes was investigated by quantitative RT-PCR normalized to the actin endogenous control and displayed as heat-map. (B) IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 cytokines were quantified by ELISA at day 3, 6, and 9 in supernatants from in vitro tuberculous granulomas treated or not with etanercept (n = 3) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.