Table 1.
Subjects’ Baseline Characteristics
| No diabetes (n = 4679) | Diabetes (n = 875) | Overall (n = 5554) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean±SD | 73.6 ± 5.9 | 73.7 ± 5.6 | 73.6 ± 5.9 | 0.45 |
| Non-white, n (%) | 398 (8.5) | 143 (16.3) | 541 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| History of fracture, n (%)a | ||||
| No fracture before baseline | 2063 (44.2) | 402 (45.9) | 2465 (44.5) | 0.13 |
| Fracture after age 50 years, before baseline | 1090 (23.3) | 177 (20.2) | 1267 (22.9) | |
| Fracture before age 50 years | 1517 (32.5) | 296 (33.8) | 1813 (32.7) | |
| History of falls, n (%) | 949 (20.3) | 218 (24.9) | 1167 (21.0) | <0.01 |
| History of stroke, n (%) | 239 (5.1) | 71(8.1) | 310 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| History of heart attack, n (%) | 599 (12.8) | 183 (20.9) | 782 (14.1) | <0.001 |
| History of COPD, n (%) | 485 (10.4) | 108 (12.3) | 593 (10.7) | 0.08 |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI) (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean±SD | 75.4 ± 14.8 | 72.9 ± 17.7 | 75.0 ± 15.3 | <0.01 |
| Total spine aBMD (g/cm2), mean±SD | 1.06 ± 0.19 | 1.12 ± 0.18 | 1.07 ± 0.19 | <0.001 |
| Spine integral vBMD (g/cm2), mean±SD | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.23 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes medications, n | ||||
| Any hypoglycemic drug | - | 475 | ||
| Insulin | - | 80 | ||
| Sulfonylurea | - | 312 | ||
| Metformin | - | 216 | ||
| Thiazolidinedione | - | 67 | ||
| Other | - | 2 |
COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI = Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration.
a
History of fracture before baseline was missing for 9 men without diabetes.