Table 1.
Summary of articles reviewed
| Authors and year | Study design | Sample size | Results | Type of rehabilitation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biering-Sørensen et al. (2009) | Cross-sectional | n=279 | Most common aids or adaptations reported were commode/shower chair on wheels or a seat (69%), grab bar by the toilet (41%), electrical bed (44%), special mattress (28%), lift/hoist (20%), computers (39%), and kitchen tools or cutlery with special handles (14%) | Home aids |
| Hall et al. (1999) | Cross-sectional | n=82 | Mean hospital days in the past year were 11 for the ventilator-independent group and 6 for the ventilator-assisted group. The latter group required more nursing level care, significantly more hours of care, and more paid attendants over the year | Home nursing |
| Weitzenkamp et al. (2002) | Cross-sectional | n=2154 | Differences in an interval version of the motor portion of the FIM™ instrument accounted for 26.3% of the variance in total personal care assistance hours | Home nursing |
| Beedie and Kennedy (2002) | Cross-sectional | n=95 | High quality of social support was associated with low hopelessness and depression scores, being more pronounced at week 18 postinjury | Social support |
| Elliott et al. (1992) | Cross-sectional | n=182 | Relationships which reassured the worth of die individual were predictive of lower depression scores. To a lesser extent, relationships providing a sense of social integration were also associated with lower depression scores | Social support |
| Fine et al. (2000) | Clinical interventional | n=1140 home visits | Since 1972, a hospital-based specialty home health team consisting of a registered nurse, a registered physical therapist, and a vocational rehabilitation counselor has been serving spinal cord injury patients hospitalized previously in a university-affiliated rehabilitation center. A summary of facts about this program has been presented | Home-based primary care |
| Fronek et al. (2005) | Randomized controlled trial | n=89 home care providers | Initial between-group comparisons on subscales scores showed that the control group scored significantly higher than the treatment group (trained about sexual problems) on the knowledge subscale before the training program but scored significantly lower than the treatment group immediately following the training program and at 3-month follow-up | Home-based primary care |
| Fronek et al. (2011) | Randomized controlled trial | n=37 home care providers | Training about sexual problems can have long-lasting effects on practitioner knowledge, comfort, and attitudes in addressing sexuality issues with clients | Home-based primary care |
| Wallace and Kendall (2014) | Qualitative | n=220 | A total of 1100 goals were classified into 18 different goal domains, representing most aspects of the ICF framework. Age was negatively related to vocational goals. Length of hospital stay was positively related to personal care goals but negatively related to community access and vocational goals | New models: Transitional rehab |
| Petrofsky (2001) | Pre-post trial | n=10 | Subjects only undergoing clinical therapy showed about a 50% reduction in hip drop due to therapy. However, the group that used the home training device showed almost normal gait after the 2-month period | New models: EMG biofeedback |
| Dolbow et al. (2012) | Pre-post trial | n=17 | Exercise adherence rates (71.7% and 62.9%) were well above the reported 35% in the able-bodied population, which provides evidence for the feasibility of a home-based functional electrical stimulation lower extremity cycling program. Younger adults with a history of being physically active have the highest potential for exercise adherence | New models: FES |
| Taylor et al. (1993) | Controlled trial | n=90 | There was no difference in cardiac output between the groups. However, thigh blood flow was found to be around 65% of normal values in the spinally injured group. This returned to normal values following the retraining program. The quadriceps muscle wasted to approximately 50% of its original thickness in the first 3 weeks following spinal cord injury. The retraining program increased the muscle thickness to near normal values | New models: FES |
| Kowalczewski et al. (2011) | Randomized controlled trial | n=13 | FES-ET on a workstation, supervised over the Internet, is feasible and may be effective for patients who can meet the residual motor function requirements of our study | New models: Telerehabilitation |
| Phillips et al. (2001) | Randomized controlled trial | n=111 | Preliminary evidence suggests that in-home telephone or video-based interventions do improve health-related outcomes for newly injured SCI patients | New models: Telerehabilitation |
| Van Straaten et al. (2014) | Pre-post trial | n=16 | A high-dose scapular stabilizer and rotator cuff strengthening program using telerehabilitation for supervision holds promise for shoulder pain treatment in manual wheelchair users with SCI | New models: Telerehabilitation |
FIM – Functional independence measure; FES – Functional electrical stimulation; FES-ET – FES-exercise therapy; SCI – Spinal cord injury; EMG – Electromyogram; ICF – International classification of functioning, disability and health