Fig 1. Value-based decision-making task.

Participants selected 1 of the 2 target stimuli to learn values associated with their colors while ignoring a task-irrelevant distractor that could never be selected and was thus unactionable. Across trials, the colors of the targets and the distractor changed randomly so that the distractor color on a given trial could match the color of a previously selected target that yielded either a low or a high monetary reward (i.e., low- or high-valued distractor).